Courses

TNPSC AO & HO

Make Appointment

CODE NO.284

UNIT- I: IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE

Importance of Agriculture in Indian Economy and its sectoral relationship – Agricultural Development through five year plans in India and Tamil Nadu – Growth pattern of crops in India and Tamil Nadu in terms of area, production and productivity – Government Agricultural Policies – Agricultural development through NITI AYOG – import and export – role of NSC, FCI and PDS.

UNIT – II: FUNDAMENTALS OF CROP PRODUCTION

Factors of Production – Agricultural seasons of India and Tamil Nadu – Cropping patterns in India and Tamil Nadu – package of practices of different crops – Agro-Climatic zones of India and Tamil Nadu and their features – Weather and Climate – Weather forecasting – Climate change and its impact – Minimal tillage practices – Stress mitigating technologies including microorganisms – Nanoparticles and their applications

UNIT – III: NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Soil – Soil structure – Factors influencing soil structure – Physical and Chemical properties – Effect of nutrient availability and plant growth – Problem soils and their management – Soil survey – its objectives and scope – Soil fertility and productivity – Dry farming – Rainfed agriculture – Conservation of soil and water – Watershed and waste land development. Land use pattern and planning – Size and distribution of holdings – types and systems of farming – Water resources development and management – Command area development – Ground water Development and Conjunctive use – Water use efficiency – Quality of irrigation water – Its effect in soil and crops – Management of poor quality water for crop growth.

UNIT – IV: CROP MANAGEMENT & ALLIED AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES

Cropping systems and integrated farming – Recycling of agricultural waste – Organic manures, green manures, bio fertilizers – Balanced usage – integrated nutrient management – Physiological disorders in crop plants and their management- Irrigation management of different crops Mushroom cultivation, bee keeping, silkworm rearing etc., Energy in Agricultural production – Sources – Solar, wind, animal, biomass and biogas – Mechanization in agriculture – Tractors & tillers – Agricultural implements and Machineries and their usage – livestock and poultry rearing.

UNIT – V: CROP IMPROVEMENT

Principles of breeding – Breeding methods in self , cross and vegetatively propagated crops – Modern tools in crop improvement – Heterosis breeding and Hybrid seed production technologies – Latest varieties of major crops in Tamil Nadu – Breeding for Climate resilience varieties – Variety release procedures -Application of bio technology in Agriculture – Tissue culture & its significance – Transgenic Plants. Plant Genetic Resources: Collection conservation and exchange-Crop varietal protection-PPV& FR authority and its role

UNIT- VI: SEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Seeds – Importance of quality seeds in Agriculture – Nucleus, Breeder, foundation, certified and labelled seeds – Seed certification techniques and processing in Tamil Nadu – Seed testing – Seed testing laboratories-ISTA standards for seed testing- seed village concept Seed Act – Seed coating and priming technologies – Seed enhancement technologies.

UNIT – VII: CROP PROTECTION PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES

Importance of pest, disease, nematodes and weed management in agriculture – categories of pests, diseases, nematodes and weeds – pest and disease surveillance and forecasting weather on pest and disease incidence – Symptoms of damages and control measures of pest, disease and nematodes of major crops in Tamil Nadu – Integrated pest, disease and nematode management in crop production – Pesticides and their use in IPM – mode of action – Pattern – plant protection equipments and their use – Plant quarantine. Storage pests, disease and nematodes and their management. Importance of biological control in pest, disease and nematode management. Weeds – Major weeds and their control.

UNIT – VIII: FARM BUSINESS AND FINANCE MANAGEMENT

Farm business management – Principles of farm business management – Types and systems of farms-Classical Production Functions – Cost concepts – Management of resources – Farm Planning and budgeting – Investment analysis – Risk and uncertainties in Agriculture- Agricultural credit system in India – Multi credit delivery system – Role of nationalized banks, NABARD and Regional Rural Banks – Lead Bank Scheme – Service area approach – Scale of finance-Credit Worthiness-3 Rs,5Cs and 7Ps of credit- Crop Insurance – Kisan Credit Cards (KCC) – Agricultural Insurance Company.

UNIT – IX: AGRICULTURAL MARKETING AND MARKET INTELLIGENCE

Marketing – Agricultural marketing – Market structure – Marketing Efficiency – Price Spread-Market Integration-Market Risk-Speculation and hedging – Market Institutions- Warehouses and rural godowns – Agmark-Cooperatives – Commodity Boards – Agri business management – Principles of Management-Entrepreneurship Development – Forms of Business organizations – Agricultural Price Policy – CACP-MSP – FRP- Procurement Price-Policies for agricultural development – Economic liberalization – WTO and its impact on agricultural export – Importance of Agriculture in Indian economy – Land size and distribution of holdings and land use pattern in Tamil Nadu – Agriculture under Five year Plans (FYPs) – Food Security – Public Distribution Systems (PDS) – Buffer Stock

UNIT – X: AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION: PRINCIPLES AND METHODS

Extension methods for transfer of technology – AV aids-Communication models – Use of ICT in transfer of technology-Diffusion and adoption- Pre and post independence rural development initiatives: key features, strength and weakness of individual programmes – Programme planning and evaluation methods- Rural sociology – key features of Indian rural system-value system-social change- rural migration. Role of women in Agriculture.

(DEGREE STANDARD)

SUBJECT CODE: 278

UNIT- I: FUNDAMENTALS OF HORTICULTURE

Scope and importance – State, National and Global scenario of horticultural crops – Area and production – Import and export – Nutritive value of horticultural crops – Horticultural zones of Tamil Nadu and India – National and regional agencies involved in promotion of horticultural Industry in India (NHB, APEDA and Commodity Boards) – Classification of horticultural crops – Factors limiting horticultural crop production – Role of season – Soil and climate requirements – Physical and chemical properties of soil – Climatic factors – Light, temperature, photoperiod, relative humidity, rainfall, altitude, microclimate – Kitchen gardening -Nutrition gardening – Truck gardening – Market gardening – Vegetable forcing – Protected and precision horticulture – Hydroponics, Aeroponics – Nutrient Film Technique – Horticulture therapy

UNIT – II: GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS

Important phases of growth and development – Bearing habits – Classification of horticultural crops based on life cycle – Annual, biennial perennial (woody and herbaceous perennials) – Fruitfulness and unfruitfulness – External and internal factors associated with unfruitfulness – Physiology of flowering, fruit set, ripening and senescence – Fruitdrop – Causes and control measures – Plant growth regulators – Functions and role in horticultural crops – Bud dormancy – Dormancy breaking – Parthenocarpy – Parthenogenesis – Polyembryony – Stenospermocarpy – Vivipary- Apomixis.

UNIT – III: PROPAGATION OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS

Propagation – Definition – Establishment of nursery – Site selection – Tools and implements propagation structures – Mist chamber, phytotron – Humidifiers – Greenhouse – Glasshouse – Polyhouse – Shade net, glass house, poly tunnels, cold frames and hotbeds, pit nursery – Media and containers – Soilsterilization – Sexual propagation – Merits and demerits – Crops propagated through seeds – Seed viability, longevity, dormancy, germination – Pre-sowing treatment – stratification, scarification, seed priming, seedling vigour – Raised seed bed and pro-tray nursery – Asexual propagation – Merits and demerits – Methods of vegetative propagation – Identification of plus trees – Mother block, scion bank – Clonal nursery – Cutting – Layering – Grafting, budding types – Anatomical and physiological basis of grafting – Stock scion relationship, graft compatibility – Budwood selection and certification – Propagation through specialized plant parts (bulbs, tubers, offsets, runners, suckers, slip, crown, rhizomes, corms) – Quality management and nursery certification – Micro propagation – Application – infrastructure requirements – Types of media – Stages of micro propagation – Micro grafting – in vitro propagation of important horticultural crops. 

UNIT – IV: MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR HORTICULTURAL CROPS

Planning – Layout and management of orchards – Fencing – Wind breaks and shelter beds – Spacing – Planting system – Physical and chemical properties – Soil reaction – acid, saline and alkaline soils – Soil fertility – Essential elements – Functions – Organic manures and inorganic fertilizers, bio-fertilizers, vermi- composting – Applications and management – Nutrient deficiencies and corrective measures – Physiological disorders and remedies – Irrigation – Critical stages of water requirement – Effect of water stress on crop yield – Anti-transpirants – management of irrigation water quality – Conventional and micro irrigation – Fertigation – Mulching – Sod culture – Weed management – Application growth regulators – Training and pruning principles and methods – Rejuvenation of senile and old orchards – Cropping systems – Cover cropping – Multitier cropping – Intercropping – Special horticultural techniques (pinching, thinning, disbudding, blanching, smudging, notching, ringing) – Principles of organic horticulture – GAP and GMP. 

UNIT – V: PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF FRUIT CROPS

Scope and importance of fruit crops – Composition and uses – Origin and distribution – Species – Season – Climate and soil requirement – Varieties and hybrids – Propagation techniques – Planting systems and planting density – Including High density planting (HDP) and ultra high-density planting (UHDP) – spacing – Water and nutrient management – Fertigation – Weed management – Canopy management – Training and pruning – Intercultural practices – Off season production – Special horticultural techniques – Use of plant growth regulators – Maturity indices – Harvest and yield – Nutrient deficiencies and physiological disorders and its corrective measures and management of important pest and diseases of important fruit crops :- Mango, Banana, Acidlime, Sweet orange, Mandarin, Grapes, Papaya, Guava, Sapota, Pineapple, Jackfruit, Pomegranate, Aonla, Annona, Ber, Apple, Pear, Plum, Peach, Strawberry, Litchi, Avocado, Walnut and Almond and minor tropical, arid and temperate fruit crops.

UNIT- VI: PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF VEGETABLE CROPS

Scope and importance of vegetable crops – Composition and uses – Origin and distribution – Area and production – Soil and climatic requirements – Varieties and hybrids – Propagation methods – Seed rate – Sowing and nursery practises – Containerized seedling production – Season – Planting methods – Water, nutrient and weed management – Fertigation – Training for vegetables – Intercultural practices – Maturity indices – Harvest and yield – Nutrient deficiencies and physiological disorder and its corrective measures of important vegetable crops: Tomato, Brinjal, Chilli and Capsicum (Sweet Pepper), Bhendi, Leguminous vegetables (Beans, Peas, Cluster beans, Cowpea, Dolichos bean); Bulbous vegetables (Onion, Garlic); Tuber crops – (Potato, Tapioca, Sweet potato, Elephant footyam, Colacassia); Cucurbitaceous vegetables (Cucumber, Bittergourd, Snakegourd, Ridgegourd, Ashgourd,Muskmelon, Watermelon, Pumpkin) – Cruciferous vegetables (Cabbage, Cauliflower and Knolkhol); Root vegetables (Carrot, Radish, Beetroot,

Turnip) – Leafy vegetables (Spinach, Lettuce, Palak, Amaranthus) – Perennial vegetables (Drumstick, Coccinea) – Protected cultivation of vegetable crops – Precision farming of important vegetable crops and seed production.

UNIT – VII: FLORICULTURE & LANDSCAPE GARDENING

Scope and importance of flower crops production – Uses – Origin and distribution – Area and production – Climate and soil requirement – Species and varieties – Propagation, season – Spacing and planting methods – Irrigation, nutrient management – Fertigation – Weed management – Training and pruning – Intercultural operations – Special horticultural techniques – Growth regulators – Off season production – Maturity indices – Harvest and yield and management of important pest and diseases for important loose flower crops: Jasmine, Rose, Tuberose, Chrysanthemum, Marigold, Nerium and Crossandra – Cut flowers – Rose, Carnation, Anthurium, Orchid and Gerbera – Cutfoliage and fillers. Principles of Landscape designing – Styles of gardening – Types of gardening viz.,Hindu, English, Mughal, Japanese, Persian, Italian, French gardening – Garden components – Trees foliage flowering and avenue trees – Burlapping – Shrubs – Fl o w er i ng ann u al s creepers and Climbers – Cacti and succulents – Lawn – Astroturf – Types of grasses – Layout, planting and maintenance of lawn – Hedge and edge plants – Indoor plants and interior scaping – Garden adornments

– Principles and styles of flower arrangements – Bonsai styles and culture – Industrial, Institutional, Public and Private landscaping – Special types of gardening – Bog garden, dish, terrarium, bottle, roof, vertical gardening and green wall.

UNIT – VIII: PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF SPICES AND PLANTATION CROPS

Scope and Importance of spices and plantation crops – Composition and uses – Origin and distribution – Area and production – Climate and soil requirements – Species and varieties – Season, seed rate / propagationmethods –Spacing – Planting system – High density planting – Irrigation and nutrient management – Fertigation and weed management – Training and pruning – Cropping systems – Multitier cropping – Cover cropping – Inter cropping – Growth regulators – Mulching Shade and canopy regulation – Maturity indices, harvest, yield and management of important pest and diseases and processing m et h od s of important plantation and spice crops: Major, seed, tree, herbal spices and minor spices – Black Pepper, Cardamom, Turmeric, Ginger, Curry leaf, Clove, Nutmeg, Cinnamon, Coriander, Fenugreek, Cumin, Tamarind, all spice and vanilla – Plantation crops – Tea, Coffee, Rubber, Cocoa, Coconut, Oilpalm, Cashew, Palmyrah, Arecanut.

UNIT – IX: PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC CROPS

Scope and importance of medicinal and aromatic crops – Composition and uses – Origin and distribution – Area and production – Ex situ and insitu conservation – Classification of medicinal and aromatic crops – Constraints in medicinal plant cultivation – Climate and soil – Varieties – Propagation – Nursery practices – Planting methods – Cropping systems – Manures & fertilizers – Irrigation – Intercultural operations – Harvest indices – Harvest & yield and management of important pest and diseases – Production systems – Contract farming – GAP – GCP – GMP – Organic production and certification – Classification and distillation methods of essential oils – Secondary metabolite production – Value addition – Organisational support for promotion of medicinal and aromatic crops – Medicinal crops: Senna, Periwinkle, Glory lily, Aswagandha, Medicinal coleus and Solanum, Sweet flag, Aloe, Isabgol, Phyllanthus, Stevia, Opium poppy. Aromatic crops: Lemon grass, Citronella, Vetiver, Ocimum, Davana, Mint, Geranium, Patchouli and Eucalyptus.

UNIT – X: POST- HARVEST TECHNOLOGY OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS

Importance of post-harvest handling in horticultural crops – Maturity indices – Post- harvest handling methods – Washing – Grading – Waxing – Grades and standards – Methods of packing – Types of containers and their advantages and disadvantages – Storage – Principles and methods of refrigerated and gas storage – Storage methods – Pre-cooling – Controlled atmospheric storage, Modified atmospheric storage – Low pressure storage and cold chain concept – Importance and scope of processing industry in India, general principles of fruit and vegetable preservation like canning, dehydration, freezing, fermentation – Use of chemicals(preservatives) and irradiation – GMP – Food safety and qualitycontrol.

Part-A

கட்டாய தமிழ்மொழி தகுதித் தேர்விற்கான பாடத் திட்டம்

(கொள்குறி வினாவிற்கான தலைப்புகள்)

பத்தாம் வகுப்பு தரம்

  1. பிரித்தெழுதுதல் / சேர்த்தெழுதுதல்.
  2. எதிர்ச்சொல்லை எடுத்தெழுதுதல்
  3. பொருந்தாச் சொல்லைக் கண்டறிதல்.

4.பிழைதிருத்தம் (i) சந்திப்பிழையை நீக்குதல் (ii) மரபுப்பிழைகள், வழுவுச்  சொற்களை நீக்குதல் /பிறமொழிச் சொற்களை நீக்குதல்.

  1. ஆங்கிலச் சொல்லுக்கு நேரான தமிழ்ச் சொல்லை அறிதல்.
  2. ஒலி மற்றும் பொருள் வேறுபாடறிந்து சரியான பொருளையறிதல்.
  3. ஒரு பொருள் தரும் பல சொற்கள்.
  4. வேர்ச்சொல்லைத் தேர்வு செய்தல்.
  5. வேர்ச்சொல்லைக் கொடுத்து / தொழிற்பெயரை / உருவாக்கல். வினைமுற்று, வினையெச்சம், வினையாலணையும் பெயர்,

    10.அகரவரிசைப்படி சொற்களை சீர் செய்தல்.

   11.சொற்களை ஒழுங்குப்படுத்தி சொற்றொடராக்குதல்.

  1. இரு வினைகளின் பொருள் வேறுபாடு அறிதல்.(எ.கா.) குவிந்து-குவித்து

  13.விடைக்கேற்ற வினாவைத் தேர்ந்தெடுத்தல்.

  1. எவ்வகை வாக்கியம் எனக் கண்டெழுதுதல் – தன்வினை, பிறவினை, செய்வினை, செயப்பாட்டு வினை வாக்கியங்களைக் கண்டெழுதுதல்.
  2. உவமையால் விளக்கப்பெறும் பொருத்தமான பொருளைத் தேர்ந்தெழுதுதல்
  3. அலுவல் சார்ந்த சொற்கள் (கலைச்சொல்)
  4. விடை வகைகள்.
  5. பிறமொழிச் சொற்களுக்கு இணையான தமிழ்ச் சொற்களைக் கண்டறிதல் (எ.கா.) கோல்டு பிஸ்கட் – தங்கக்கட்டி.
  6. ஊர்ப் பெயர்களின் மரூஉவை எழுதுக (எ.கா.) தஞ்சாவூர் – தஞ்சை
  7. நிறுத்தற்குறிகளை அறிதல்.

21.பேச்சுவழக்கு, எழுத்துவழக்கு (வாரான் – வருகிறான்).

22.சொற்களை இணைத்து புதிய சொல் உருவாக்கல்.

  1.  பொருத்தமான காலம் அமைத்தல் (இறந்தகாலம்,  நிகழ்காலம், எதிர்காலம்).

24.சரியான வினாச்சொல்லைத் தேர்ந்தெடு.

  1. சரியான இணைப்புச் சொல்(எனவே, ஏனெனில், ஆகையால், அதனால், அதுபோல).
  2. அடைப்புக்குள் உள்ள சொல்லைத் தகுந்த இடத்தில் சேர்க்க.
  3. இருபொருள் தருக.
  4. குறில் – நெடில் மாற்றம், பொருள் வேறுபாடு.
  5. கூற்று, காரணம் – சரியா? தவறா?
  6. கலைச் சொற்களை அறிதல் :-எ.கா. – Artificial Intelligence – செயற்கைநுண்ணறிவு Super Computer – மீத்திறன் கணினி
  7. பொருத்தமான பொருளைத் தெரிவு செய்தல்
  8. சொற்களின் கூட்டுப் பெயர்கள் (எ.கா.) புல் –புற்கள்
  9. சரியான தொடரைத் தேர்ந்தெடுத்தல்
  10. பிழைதிருத்துதல் (ஒரு-ஓர்)
  11. சொல் – பொருள் – பொருத்துக
  12. ஒருமை-பன்மைபிழை
  13. பத்தியிலிருந்து வினாவிற்கான சரியான விடையைத் தேர்ந்தெடு.

PART – B

GENERAL STUDIES (DEGREE STANDARD)

CODE NO.003

UNIT-I: GENERAL SCIENCE

(i) Scientific Knowledge and Scientific Temper – Power of Reasoning – Rote Learning vs Conceptual Learning – Science as a tool to understand the past, present and future.

(ii) Nature of Universe – General Scientific Laws – Mechanics – Properties of Matter, Force, Motion and Energy – Everyday application of the Basic Principles of Mechanics, Electricity and Magnetism, Light, Sound, Heat, Nuclear Physics, Laser, Electronics and Communications.

(iii) Elements and Compounds, Acids, Bases, Salts, Petroleum Products, Fertilisers, Pesticides.

(iv) Main concepts of Life Science, Classification of Living Organisms, Evolution, Genetics, Physiology, Nutrition, Health and Hygiene, Human Diseases.

(v) Environment and Ecology.

UNIT-II: CURRENT EVENTS

(i) History – Latest diary of events – National symbols – Profile of States – Eminent personalities and places in news – Sports-Books and authors.

(ii) Polity – Political parties and political system in India-Public awareness and General administration- Welfare oriented Government schemes and their utility, Problems in Public Delivery Systems.

(iii) Geography-Geographical landmarks.

(iv) Economics-Current socio-economic issues.

(v) Science-Latest inventions in Science and Technology.

(vi) Prominent Personalities in various spheres – Arts, Science, Literature and Philosophy.

UNIT-III: GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA

(i) Location – Physical features – Monsoon, Rainfall, Weather and Climate – Water Resources – Rivers in India – Soil, Minerals and Natural Resources – Forest and Wildlife – Agricultural pattern.

(ii) Transport -Communication.

(iii) Social Geography – Population density and distribution- Racial, Linguistic Groups and Major Tribes.

(iv) Natural calamity – Disaster Management – Environmental pollution: Reasons and preventive measures – Climate change – Green energy.

UNIT–IV: HISTORY AND CULTURE OF INDIA

(i) Indus Valley Civilization – Guptas, Delhi Sultans, Mughals and Marathas – Age of Vijayanagaram and Bahmani Kingdoms – South Indian History.

(ii) Change and Continuity in the Socio – Cultural History of India.

(iii) Characteristics of Indian Culture, Unity in Diversity –Race, Language, Custom.

(iv) India as a Secular State, Social Harmony.

UNIT-V: INDIAN POLITY

(i) Constitution of India – Preamble to the Constitution- Salient features of the Constitution- Union, State and Union Territory.

(ii) Citizenship, Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties, Directive Principles of State Policy.

(iii) Union Executive, Union Legislature – State Executive, State Legislature – Local Governments, Panchayat Raj.

(iv) Spirit of Federalism: Centre-State Relationships.

(v) Election – Judiciary in India – Rule of Law.

(vi) Corruption in Public Life – Anti-corruption measures – Lokpal and Lok Ayukta – Right to Information- Empowerment of Women-Consumer Protection Forums, Human Rights Charter.

UNIT-VI: INDIAN ECONOMY

(i) Nature of Indian Economy – Five year plan models – an assessment – Planning Commission and Niti Ayog.

(ii) Sources of revenue – Reserve Bank of India – Fiscal Policy and Monetary Policy – Finance Commission – Resource sharing between Union and State Governments – Goods and Services Tax.

(iii) Structure of Indian Economy and Employment Generation, Land Reforms and Agriculture – Application of Science and Technology in Agriculture – Industrial growth – Rural Welfare Oriented Programmes – Social Problems – Population, Education, Health, Employment, Poverty.

UNIT-VII: INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT

(i) National Renaissance –Early uprising against British rule – Indian National Congress – Emergence of leaders –B.R.Ambedkar, Bhagat Singh, Bharathiar, V.O. Chidambaranar Jawaharlal Nehru, Kamarajar, Mahatma Gandhi, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, Thanthai Periyar, Rajaji, Subash Chandra Bose, Rabindranath Tagore and others.

(ii) Different modes of Agitation: Growth of Satyagraha and Militant Movements.

(iii) Communalism and Partition.

UNIT-VIII: History, Culture, Heritage and Socio-Political Movements

in Tamil Nadu

(i) History of Tamil Society, related Archaeological discoveries, Tamil Literature from Sangam Age till contemporary times.

(ii) Thirukkural : (a) Significance as a Secular Literature

(b) Relevance to Everyday Life

(c) Impact of Thirukkural on Humanity

(d) Thirukkural and Universal Values – Equality,

Humanism, etc

(e) Relevance to Socio-Politico-Economic affairs

(f) Philosophical content in Thirukkural

(iii) Role of Tamil Nadu in freedom struggle – Early agitations against British Rule – Role of women in freedom struggle.

(iv) Evolution of 19th and 20th Century Socio – Political Movements in Tamil Nadu – Justice Party, Growth of Rationalism – Self Respect Movement, Dravidian Movement and Principles underlying both these Movements, Contributions of Thanthai Periyar and Perarignar Anna.

UNIT–IX: Development Administration in Tamil Nadu

(i) Human Development Indicators in Tamil Nadu and a comparative assessment across the Country – Impact of Social Reform Movements in the Socio – Economic Development of Tamil Nadu.

(ii) Political parties and Welfare schemes for various sections of people –Rationale behind Reservation Policy and access to Social Resources – Economic trends in Tamil Nadu – Role and impact of social welfare schemes in the Socio-Economic Development of Tamil Nadu.

(iii) Social Justice and Social Harmony as the Cornerstones of Socio-Economic Development.

(iv) Education and Health Systems in Tamil Nadu.

(v) Geography of Tamil Nadu and its impact on Economic growth.

(vi) Achievements of Tamil Nadu in various fields.

(vii) e-Governance in Tamil Nadu.

UNIT-X: APTITUDE AND MENTAL ABILITY

(i) Simplification – Percentage – Highest Common Factor (HCF) – Lowest Common Multiple (LCM).

(ii) Ratio and Proportion.

(iii) Simple interest – Compound interest – Area – Volume – Time and Work.

(iv) Logical Reasoning – Puzzles-Dice – Visual Reasoning – Alpha numeric Reasoning – Number Series.